BGA Open Cross-Section分析葵花宝典
BGA Open分析步骤
1.确定BGA Open不良位置并注明Open Location;
2.X-Ray检验是否存在BGA贴装偏位﹑压件等现象;
3.BGA Open Cross-Section分析;
Cross-Section分析注意事项
3.1. 确定锡量是否充足;
3.2. 确定是否形成IMC Alloy;
3.3. 确定Solder Ball外廓是
否形成鼓形;
备注:
以上3.1~3.3决定制程焊接质量.
BGA Open Cross-Section常见案例
1.冷焊
2.贴装偏位
3.少锡
4.BGA Ni/Sn IMC与BGA Pad裂缝
5.BGA Ball与PCB间Cu/Sn IMC裂缝
7.BGA Package Crack
8.BGA Socket775 Ball下陷(不共面)
9.BGA Socket478 Ball下陷(不共面)
10.BGA Socket结构不良
11.BGA Socket歪球
12.Solder Paste or PCB PAD表面杂质污染
13.PCB拒焊
14.Solder Mask盖PAD
一、冷焊
BGA Solder Ball在Relow过程中,当温度不均匀或低于实际温度值时造成solder ball与solder paste不能充分相溶﹐导致冷焊.
二、BGA贴装偏位
问题描述:
SMT BGA着装偏位包括x&y Axis偏位﹑角度偏位.
三、少锡
PCB Pad锡量印刷不足造成无法与Solder Ball相接合,导致焊接OPEN.
四、BGA Pad与Ni/Sn IMC间裂缝
BGA Pad表面污染与Ball未形成良好IMC alloy,造成焊接后锡球脱落于PCB PAD上。故﹐切片可见BGA Pad与Ni/Sn IMC裂缝(open).
五、PCB Pad与Cu/Sn IMC间裂缝
如图:
1.BGA Ball锡量充足﹑Solder Ball与Solder Paste相溶良好已形成Cu/Sn IMC Alloy,证明制程焊接良好.
2.Cu/Sn IMC层间产生180度open joint;
结论﹕
BGA受到一定力作用下致使IMC破裂,产生Open Joint.
六、BGA Crack
BGA Ball焊接良好﹐但BGA Package发生断裂﹐造成BGA内层电路断裂产生open.
七、Socket775 Solder Ball不共面(下陷)
1.Foxocnn Sn.Ag 工艺CPU Socket775 Normal Housing Height SPEC为0um +/-50um;
2.Foxconn Sn.Ag.Cu工艺CPU Socket775 Normal CPU Socket775 Housing Height SPEC为200um +/-50um.
3.Socket775 Housing高度决定socket775 Ball共面度.
4.Socket775 Housing Height高出Normal Height上限会导致Solder Ball与Solder Paste不能相溶产生open.
5.Socket775 Housing Height低于Normal Height下限会导致Socket775插槽Pin针不能与CPU相通(open).
八、 CPU Socket478 Ball下陷
1.Normal cpu socket478 Ball其Pad端子夹角应呈90˚﹐着装时socket478 ball平面于pcb pad solder paste﹐以确保焊接良好.
2.socket478 ball下陷使socket端子pad夹角变形﹐socket478 Ball无法接触PCB Pad solder paste﹐导致焊接open.
九、CPU Socket结构不良
CPU Socket478卡口太宽不能接触CPU Pin针(open).
十、BGA Socket歪球
BGA Ball歪球造成不能共面于pcb pad solder paste而拉近其旁bga ball间距,易导致焊接产生open/short.
十一、Solder Paset活性不强&Solder Ball与PCB PAD污染
1、BGA Ball与Solder Paste已形成Cu/Sn IMC层并形成鼓形;
2、因BGA Ball/PCB Pad杂质污染/Solder Paste活性不强,造成solder paste不能完全清除BGA Ball杂质及氧化层,导致焊接BGA Ball与Solder Paste间产生open..
十二、PCB PAD拒焊
PCB Pad表面杂质污染产生拒焊,造成无法与Solder Paste焊接,Reflow过程中,Solder Paste被BGA Ball吸附产生open.
十三、Solder Mask上PAD
Solder Mask覆盖PCB Pad表面产生拒焊,导致焊接OPEN.
十四、PCB变形
CPU Socket775 Housing Height在一道平行线上.
PCB Pad基层不在一道平行线上.
PCB材质在高温下发生热胀冷缩变化产生翘曲,导致BGA焊接open.
分析方法﹕
1.测量CPU Socket Housing四边高度有无超出Normal值;
2.测量Housing Solder Ball高度有无超出Normal值;
备注﹕CPU Housing高度不在Normal值﹐说明CPU Socket本体发生变化导致不良;
如果Housing正常﹐但Solder Ball高度不在Normal范围﹐说明PCB发生翘曲变形;
关键词:BGA开路金相切片分析(BGA Open Cross-Section)